Ganesha has many other titles and epithets, including
Ganapati and
Vighneshvara. The Hindu title of respect
Shri (
Sanskrit:
श्री;
IAST:
śrī; also spelled
Sri or
Shree) is often added before his name. One popular way Ganesha is worshipped is by chanting a
Ganesha Sahasranama, a litany of "a thousand names of Ganesha". Each name in the
sahasranama
conveys a different meaning and symbolises a different aspect of
Ganesha. At least two different versions of the Ganesha Sahasranama
exist; one version is drawn from the
Ganesha Purana, a
Hindu scripture venerating Ganesha.
[17]
The name
Ganesha is a Sanskrit compound, joining the words
gana (Sanskrit:
गण; IAST:
gaṇa), meaning a group, multitude, or categorical system and
isha (Sanskrit:
ईश; IAST:
īśa), meaning lord or master.
[18] The word
gaņa
when associated with Ganesha is often taken to refer to the gaņas, a
troop of semi-divine beings that form part of the retinue of
Shiva (IAST:
Śiva).
[19] The term more generally means a category, class, community, association, or corporation.
[20] Some commentators interpret the name "Lord of the
Gaņas" to mean "Lord of Hosts" or "Lord of created categories", such as the elements.
[21] Ganapati (Sanskrit:
गणपति; IAST:
gaṇapati), a synonym for
Ganesha, is a compound composed of
gaṇa, meaning "group", and
pati, meaning "ruler" or "lord".
[20] The
Amarakosha,
[22] an early Sanskrit lexicon, lists eight synonyms of
Ganesha :
Vinayaka,
Vighnarāja (equivalent to
Vignesha),
Dvaimātura (one who has two mothers),
[23] Gaṇādhipa (equivalent to
Ganapati and
Ganesha),
Ekadanta (one who has one tusk),
Heramba,
Lambodara (one who has a pot belly, or, literally, one who has a hanging belly), and
Gajanana (IAST:
gajānana); having the face of an elephant).
[24]
Vinayaka (Sanskrit:
विनायक; IAST:
vināyaka) is a common name for Ganesha that appears in the
Purāṇas and in Buddhist Tantras.
[25] This name is reflected in the naming of the eight famous Ganesha temples in Maharashtra known as the
Ashtavinayak (
aṣṭavināyaka).
[26] The names
Vighnesha (Sanskrit:
विघ्नेश; IAST:
vighneśa) and
Vighneshvara (
Sanskrit:
विघ्नेश्वर;
vighneśvara) (Lord of Obstacles)
[11] refers to his primary function in Hindu mythology as the master and remover of obstacles (
vighna).
[27]
A prominent name for Ganesha in the
Tamil language is
Pille (
Tamil:
பிள்ளை) or
Pillaiyar (
பிள்ளையார்) (Little Child).
[28] A. K. Narain differentiates these terms by saying that
pille means a "child" while
pillaiyar means a "noble child". He adds that the words
pallu,
pella, and
pell in the
Dravidian family of languages signify "tooth or tusk", also "elephant tooth or tusk".
[29] Anita Raina Thapan notes that the
root word pille in the name
Pillaiyar might have originally meant "the young of the elephant", because the
Pali word
pillaka means "a young elephant".
[30]
In the
Burmese language, Ganesha is known as
Maha Peinne (
မဟာပိန္နဲ,
pronounced: [məhà pèiɴné]), derived from
Pali Mahā Wināyaka (
မဟာဝိနာယက).
[31] The widespread name of Ganesha in
Thailand is
Phra Phikanet or
Phra Phikanesuan, both of which are derived from
Vara Vighnesha and
Vara Vighneshvara respectively, whereas the name
Kanet (from
Ganesha) is rather rare.